0.3V Crystal Oscillator Circuit with Buffered Output:  Circuit Ideas for Designers - Application Notes - Advanced Linear Devices, Inc.  (Circuit / schematic design added 6/06)

0.5V Crystal Oscillator Circuit with Output Buffer:  Circuit Ideas for Designers - Application Notes - Advanced Linear Devices, Inc.  (Circuit / schematic design added 6/06)

1 Second Time Base from Crystal Oscillator:  (Electronic circuit added 7/03)

10 octave Audio Generator Speeds Tests:  07/07/94 EDN-Design Ideas  /  (Electronic Circuit diagram added 03/03) Testing the frequency response of an audio device typically requires a sine-wave oscillator, an ac voltmeter or an oscilloscope, and an operator to record the response of the device at several frequencies across the audio band. Complicating this test is the inability of many audio oscillators to maintain a constant output level as the frequency varies, particularly when switching between frequency ranges. To speed testing, the circuit in Fig 1 generates a composite audio signal comprising 10 sine waves of 10 different equal-amplitude frequencies across the audio band. Values stored in EPROM determine the frequencies. Driving an audio device-under-test with this circuit allows you to test that device's responses quickly by connecting its output to an audio-spectrum analyzer. A quick check of frequency response requires only a few seconds. The output amplitude at....   

10.58 to 10.74 MHz VFO Oscillator :  (Electronic circuit design added 02/05)

1KHz Sine Wave Generator:  (Circuit added 9/04)

2 Stage Chaotic Colpitts Oscillator for the UHF range:  (Electronic circuit design added 02/05)

2 Tone Audio Oscillator (use for SSB Tests):  (added 2/05)

2 Tone Train Horn:  (added 10/02)

20MHz High Speed Function Generator:  The High Speed Function Generator was published in the professional electronics section of the Aug 1996 issue of Electronics Australia, and has proven to be extremely popular. The kit is no longer available from any of the kit suppliers…  (added 11/05)

3 to 12 MHz Signal Generator:  (added 2/05)

32.768 KHz Oscillator using a Common Watch Crystal:  (Circuit / schematic design added 6/06)

4 Transistor Tracking Transmitter:  (Electronic Schematic / circuit added 4/02)

4 Transistor Transmitter:  (added 8/03)

5 Hints for Debugging Microcontroller-based Designs (AN 1458):  Agilent Application Note   (Circuit / schematic design added 6/06)

555 Tone Generator 8 Ohm Speaker:  (Electronic Schematic / circuit added 4/02)

68HC11 Function Generator:  (Electronic Schematic / circuit added 4/02)

68HC11 Synthesizes Accurate Sine Wave:  09/02/96 EDN-Design Ideas / (Electronic Circuit diagram added 03/03)

8 Hints for Better RF Signal Generator Measurements:  Aligent Application Note  (added 2/06)

8 Hints for Making Better Measurements Using Analog RF Signal Generators:  Agilent Application Note   (Circuit / schematic design added 6/06)

8644A-2 Air Navigation Receiver Testing With The Agilent 8644A:  Agilent Application Note   (Circuit / schematic design added 6/06)

A Discrete, Low Phase Noise, 125 MHz Crystal Oscillator for the AD9850:  AN-419-Analog Device Application Notes  (Circuit / schematic design added 6/06) 

A Weighting Filter for Audio Measurements:  (Circuit / schematic design added 6/06)

ABT Ratings, Specifications and Waveforms:  National Semiconductor - Application Note   (added 2/06)

Acolpitts VCO for Wideband (0.95-2.15 GHz) Set-Top TV Tuner Applications:  Alpha Industries Application Note 1006 (Electronic circuit design added 02/05)

ALD555 Oscillation Circuit:  Circuit Ideas for Designers - Application Notes - Advanced Linear Devices, Inc.  (Circuit / schematic design added 6/06)

Amplitude Stable Oscillator has Low Distortion Low Cost:  11/09/00 EDN-Design Ideas / (added 10/06) / The multivibrator is a common circuit that consists of an amplifier with both positive and negative feedback (Figure 1a). When the output is positive, the positive input terminal equals ½V+, and the voltage at the negative input terminal changes toward V+. When this voltage exceeds ½V+, the output voltage rapidly changes to V–. The positive input terminal becomes ½V–, and the negative input terminal changes toward V–. When the voltage at the negative input terminal is less than ½V–, the process repeats (Figure 1b). For the multivibrator to work, the bandwidth of the amplifier must be 10 times higher than the time constant of the passive network, and consideration....

AN-1320: Enhancing CLC031 Jitter Performance with Easy-To-Use VCXOs:  National Semiconductor - Application Note   (added 2/06)

AN-263: Sine Wave Generation Techniques:  National Semiconductor - Application Note   (added 2/06)

AN-319: Simple Interface between D/A Converter and Microcomputer Leads to Programmable Sine-Wave Oscillators:  AN-319 - Analog Devices Application Notes  (Circuit / schematic design added 6/06)

AN-400: A Study of the Crystal Oscillator for CMOS-COPS:  National Semiconductor - Application Note   (added 2/06)

AN-419: A Discrete, Low Phase Noise, 125 MHz Crystal Oscillator for the AD9850 :  AN-419-Analog Device Application Notes  (Circuit / schematic design added 6/06) 

AN-666: DTMF Generation with 3.58 MHz Crystal:  National Semiconductor - Application Note   (Circuit / schematic design added 6/06)

AN-807: Reflections: Computations and Waveforms:  National Semiconductor - Application Note   (added 2/06)

AN826: Crystal Oscillator Basics and Crystal Selection for rfPIC™ and PICmicro® Devices:  Microchip Application Note - Published 17-Jan-02   (added 2/06)

AN-H24: Expected Voltages and Waveforms HV9120-Controlled Flyback Converter:  Supertex Semiconductors (app note added 2/06)

Archery timer:  (circuit / schematic added 6/05)

Astable Mode Operation (Free Running Oscillator):  Circuit Ideas for Designers - Application Notes - Advanced Linear Devices, Inc.  (Circuit / schematic design added 6/06)

Astable Mode Operation 50% Duty Cycle:  Circuit Ideas for Designers - Application Notes - Advanced Linear Devices, Inc.  (Circuit / schematic design added 6/06)

Astable Multivibrator 1:  (Electronic Schematic / circuit added 4/02)

Astable Multivibrator 2:  (Electronic circuit added 7/03)

Audio Circuit:  (Electronic circuit design added 02/05)

Audio LED VU Meter:  built around discrete components   (Electronic circuit added 5/02)

Audio Oscillators:  (Electronic circuit added 7/03)

Band-pass Network:  Circuit Ideas for Designers - Application Notes - Advanced Linear Devices, Inc.  (Circuit / schematic design added 6/06)

Basic RF Oscillator #1:  (Electronic Schematic / circuit added 4/02)

Basics of Oscillators:  Sohpomore Physics Laboratory California Institute of Technology, July 2003 (Electronic circuit design added 02/05)

Bluetooth(TM) RF Measurement Fundamentals:  Agilent Application Note   (Circuit / schematic design added 6/06)

Bus request signal generates logic waveforms:  06/20/96 EDN-Design Ideas / (added 2/06)  The scheme in Figure 1 generates accurate and repeatable logic sequences—even in the presence of interrupt activity. Specifically, the circuit generates 16-bit logic sequences with a resolution of 100 nsec. This circuit's repeatability is an advantage compared with other sequence-generation methods. For example, one alternative to this circuit is to use a table of entries that denotes the required logic in the processor's memory. A program could then output these entries on a latch with the required delay times between the sequences. However, in a complex system with interrupt-driven functions, maintaining time repeatability of these logic sequences becomes very difficult.

Chaos Generator:  (Electronic Circuit diagram added 03/03)

Circuit distorts duty cycle for CML inputs:  08/05/04 EDN Design Ideas  /  (Electronic circuit design added 02/05)  To test a gigabit-speed data-recovery chip, you need a clock with a controllable duty cycle. Because most pattern and clock generators have a fixed duty-cycle output of 50%, the design may require a small circuit to distort the duty cycle. The signal with controllable duty cycle drives a standard CML (current-mode-logic) input with on-chip termination resistors....

Circuit Generates Clean Sine Waves:  06/19/97 EDN-Design Ideas / (Electronic Circuit diagram added 03/03)  

Circuit produces variable frequency duty cycle:  07/24/03 EDN Design Ideas  /  (added 1/05)  This Design Idea shows a simple, low-cost circuit that produces a highly accurate variable-frequency and variable-duty-cycle output (Figure 1). Further, the duty cycle and frequency are independent of each other (excluding 0 and 100% duty cycle). The method derives its accuracy and stability from the fact that the output is based on a crystal oscillator and divisions of the oscillator's frequency....

Circuit produces variable numbers of Burst pulses:  06/24/04 EDN Design Ideas  /  (Electronic circuit design added 02/05)  The add-on circuit in Figure 1 can produce one to 15 burst pulses with the same number of spaces between the bursts at a pulse width (frequency) that an external square-wave generator at the input sets. The add-on circuit produces a variable number of bursts and a variable number of spaces between the bursts by using an external square-wave generator as a source....

Circuit samples derivative of a waveform:  09/14/00 EDN-Design Ideas / (added 2/06)  

CK-3V FM Transmitter:  (Electronic circuit design added 02/05)

CMOS hex inverter generates Low distortion sine waves:  02/05/2004  EDN-Design Ideas  In low-noise analog circuits, a high-gain amplifier serves at the input to increase the SNR. The input signal level determines the input-stage gain; low-level signals require the highest gain. It is also standard practice in low-noise analog-signal processing to make the circuit's bandwidth as narrow as possible to pass only the useful input-signal spectrum. (added 10/05)

CMOS IC Audio Oscillator:  (added 2/05)

CMOS Oscillator:  (Electronic circuit added 7/03)

Combine source outputs for TOI measurements:  Agilent Application Note   (Circuit / schematic design added 6/06)

Compensation Extends Oscillator's Range:  12/05/96 EDN-Design Ideas / (Electronic Circuit diagram added 03/03)

Components of a simple Bandpass filter:  (Electronic circuit design added 02/05)

Controlling TDMA Timeslot Power Levels using the ESG-D Series, RF Signal Generators:  Aligent Application Note  (added 2/06)

Convert periodic Waveforms to square Waves:  08/16/01 EDN Design Ideas  /  (added 1/05)  Converting periodic waveforms to square waves is an integral part of extracting a clock signal from data, creating waveform generators, and making timing-pulse generators. Any square-wave-conversion circuit is more valuable when the square wave's duty cycle is variable and controlable. Figure 1 shows a circuit that has these attributes and can drive several TTL-compatible loads....

Crystal 32.768KHz CMOS Oscillator:  (Electronic circuit added 7/03)

Crystal Considerations with Dallas Real-Time Clocks (RTCs):  Maxim Application Note #58 (Electronic circuit design added 02/05)

Crystal Controlled FM Transmitter:  (Circuit / schematic design added 6/06)

Crystal Controlled Oscillator :  The RF engineer sometimes has to look for an instrument that will check a low frequency quartz crystal unit reliably and rapidly. This is a difficult piece of equipment to find and the engineer often has to consult an electronic circuits handbook for the schematic of a circuit that will perform the task. Unfortunately, there aren't many such circuits in the technical literature currently available, and when found, they don't always work as expected. A circuit that has been found to work at full satisfaction in the frequency range from 10 kHz to 500 kHz is illustrated in Figure 1.  (added 11/05)

Crystal Controlled Time Base Generator:  (Electronic Circuit / Schematic added 10/04)

Crystal Filter yields Pure Sine Wave:  06/98 Intersol Application Note # AN9815 / (added 6/03)

Crystal Oscillator #2:  (Electronic circuit added 7/03)

Crystal Oscillator #3:  Pericom Semiconductor Application Note # 083 (Electronic circuit design added 02/05)

Crystal Oscillator Basics and Crystal Selection for rfPIC™ and PICmicro® Devices:  Microchip Application Note - Published 17-Jan-02   (added 2/06)

Crystal Oscillator overcomes typical Drawbacks:  08/17/98 EDN-Design Ideas / (Electronic Circuit diagram added 03/03)  

Crystal Oscillator:  Chrontel Application Note-06 (Electronic circuit design added 02/05)

Crystal Oscillators and Frequency Multipliers using the NE602 and NE5212:  Philips Semiconductors Application Notes 1983, December 1991 (Electronic circuit design added 02/05)

Current Feedback Amp yields Simple Oscillator:  06/08/95 EDN-Design Ideas / (Electronic Circuit diagram added 03/03)

Current Feedback Amps Square Up Fast Signals:  06/23/94 EDN-Design Ideas / (Electronic Circuit diagram added 03/03) Using current-feedback amplifiers to convert signals from sine waves to square waves for DSP confers advantages over the more common comparator approaches. Current-feedback amplifiers have wide bandwidths and relatively small and constant propagation delays. These small, constant delays help meet the setup-and-hold requirements of digital logic. Typically, current-feedback amplifiers have delays from 1.1 to 5 nsec....  

CX Minature Crystals Circuits:  Euro QuartzCX-6V-SM (Electronic circuit design added 02/05)

CX-1SM Crystal 530kHz to2.1MHz:  Statek Application Notes (Electronic circuit design added 02/05)

DCC Waveforms and Voltages for DCC Systems:  (Electronic circuit added 10/03)

DDS and converter form signal generator:  02/20/03 EDN Design Ideas  /  (added 1/05)  Many applications require low-frequency signal generators that can deliver high-performance, high-resolution signals. This Design Idea presents a circuit that generates frequencies of 0 to 1 MHz. Sinusoidal, triangular, and square-wave outputs are available. You can achieve frequency resolution of better than 0....

DDS circuit generates precise PWM Waveforms:  10/02/03 EDN Design Ideas  /  (added 1/05)  Pulse-width modulation is a simple way to modulate, or change, a square wave. In its basic form, the duty cycle of the square wave changes according to some input. The duty cycle is the ratio of high and low times in the square wave. A waveform with a 50% duty cycle would be high for 50% of the time and low for 50% of the time, and a waveform with a 10% duty cycle would be high for 10% and low ......

DDS Deviceproduces sawtooth Waveform:  07/10/03 EDN Design Ideas  /  (added 1/05)  Ramp or sawtooth waveforms are useful for a broad range of applications, including automatic-test equipment, benchtest equipment, and actuator control. Discrete components typically set the waveform frequency. Unfortunately, drift in these component values over time and temperature limits the accuracy of the output frequency....

DDS using AD9835:  (added 8/03)

design and construction of radio frequency Oscillators:  (Electronic circuit design added 02/05)

Digital signal Controls sine generator:  05/15/03 EDN Design Ideas  /  (added 1/05)  The circuit of Figure 1 produces an accurate, variable-frequency sine wave for use as a general-purpose reference signal. It includes an eighth-order elliptic, switched-capacitor lowpass filter, IC3, which uses a 100-kHz square-wave clock signal that microcontroller IC2 generates. (Any other convenient square-wave source is also acceptable....

Digital Signal Processor (DSP) for Radio Communications:  (Electronic circuit added 7/03)

Digital Signals Produce Pure Sine Waves:  10/09/97 EDN-Design Ideas / (Electronic Circuit diagram added 03/03)  

Digital Waveform generator provides flexible frequency tuning for sensor measurement:  12/17/04 EDN Design Ideas  /  (added 1/05)  Variable-resistance sensors convert a fixed dc excitation voltage or current into a current or voltage that's a straightforward function of the quantity undergoing measurement. In another class of sensors, moving objects or fluids produce a sensor signal by altering an LC circuit's inductance or capacitance....

DTMF Coder Makes Low Cost Sine Wave Generator:  10/13/94 EDN-Design Ideas / (Electronic Circuit diagram added 03/03) A telephone DTMF IC produces, by design, two tones if you connect a single intersection of the IC's 4[x]4 keypad matrix (Fig 1). (Telephones commonly have 3×4 keypads but, unknown to many people, the applicable standard allows for a fourth row of four keys.) But, if you connect two key inputs at once, the IC produces a single-frequency, low-distortion sine wave. Table 1 lists values for an HM9187 (Winbond Electronics, Santa Clara, CA, (408) 943-6666. (DI #1592] ...  

Easily Tuned Sine Wave Oscillators:  National Semiconductor - Application Note   (added 2/06)

Electronic Canary:  This circuit is a modified hartley oscillator with a couple of extra components included. The transformer is a small audio transformer, type LT700. The primary is center tapped with an impedance of 1Kohms at 1KHz . The secondary has an impedance of 8 ohms. The inclusion of R1 and C1 give this oscillator its characteristic "chirp". As the 100u capacitor charges via the 4.7K resistor, R1 the bias for the transistor is cut off. This causes the oscillation to stop, the capacitor discharges through the base emitter circuit of the transistor and oscillations start again. Altering these components alters the frequency of the chirp. The chirp is also voltage dependent. When the push button switch is operated the 100u capacitor is charged. When its released, the oscillation decays and the chirp becomes faster. (Electronic circuit design added 02/05)

ESG Option 201 Real-time IS-2000 Measurements:  Agilent Application Note   (Circuit / schematic design added 6/06)

Expected Voltages and Waveforms:  Supertex Semiconductors (app note added 2/06)